Saul spent several days with the disciples in Damascus. 20 At once he began to preach in the synagogues that Jesus is the Son of God. 21 All those who heard him were astonished and asked, “Isn’t he the man who raised havoc in Jerusalem among those who call on this name? And hasn’t he come here to take them as prisoners to the chief priests?” 22 Yet Saul grew more and more powerful and baffled the Jews living in Damascus by proving that Jesus is the Messiah. 23 After many days had gone by, there was a conspiracy among the Jews to kill him, 24 but Saul learned of their plan. Day and night they kept close watch on the city gates in order to kill him. 25 But his followers took him by night and lowered him in a basket through an opening in the wall.26 When he came to Jerusalem, he tried to join the disciples, but they were all afraid of him, not believing that he really was a disciple. 27 But Barnabas took him and brought him to the apostles. He told them how Saul on his journey had seen the Lord and that the Lord had spoken to him, and how in Damascus he had preached fearlessly in the name of Jesus. 28 So Saul stayed with them and moved about freely in Jerusalem, speaking boldly in the name of the Lord. 29 He talked and debated with the Hellenistic Jews, but they tried to kill him. 30 When the believers learned of this, they took him down to Caesarea and sent him off to Tarsus. Acts 9:20-30
Everywhere the converted Saul/Paul went, the Jewish leaders tried to kill him. Charlie Kirk was killed for his beliefs but his killer will probably get the death penalty. The Humana CEO was killed but the assassin will receive the penalty for murder. What's crazy about this time is that you could kill people that you disagreed with and get away with it. We can't do this today. What changed?
Tom Holland writes in his book Dominion that the Christian revolution led by the death and teachings of Christ and spread worldwide by His followers replaced the classical Greek and Roman teachings which Paul lived under. These Ancient Historical views saw the strength, power and status of individuals defined what could be done to the outcasts with no regard to any inherent worth of the individual. Christianity reverses that thinking. The cross made the victim and sufferer the central focus of moral concern. The teachings that all people were made in the image of God and equally valued by God gave everyone intrinsic worth. In other words, centuries later, thanks to Paul's and the disciples' teachings for which they were martyred, no one can get away with this behavior anymore.
And what made them so mad that they wanted to kill him? First of all, he won all the arguments. Have you ever seen a debate or argument where one person gives an irrefutable argument. Usually, the loser doesn't concede but resort to a character attack or an F-you. This is what Paul was experiencing; they couldn't refute his wisdom, so they tried attacking him physically. Secondly, he would have been a traitor - a person immersed in a group who realized the fallacies of the group and sought to destroy it using inside knowledge. We see this with gays who come out of that life and become heterosexuals and speak against the homosexual lifestyle. Gays would attack this person saying once gay always gay and you probably weren't gay in the first place. Paul attacked the pride of the Pharisees from the place of an ex-Pharisee and they hated it.
The central teaching of Paul was proving that Jesus is God. He didn't focus on politics, human rights, societal evils, but only preaching Jesus. Maybe a good question for us to ask people is "Who do you think Jesus is?" and follow up with "Can I tell you what the Bible says?" Could you tell them what the Bible says? Paul could because that was his priority in life. Is it yours? Learn the answer to that question and memorize the verses.